Research suggests that individuals with eating disorders use more putatively maladaptive emotion regulation strategies and fewer putatively adaptive strategies. However, there is growing theoretical and empirical support for the notion that the efficacy of emotion regulation strategies varies across situations. Thus, successful emotion regulation is characterized by the ability to flexibly choose between emotion regulation strategies in order to fit one's situational needs. Despite growing support for this conceptualization of successful emotion regulation, no research has investigated it in relation to disordered eating. Using the emotion regulation choice paradigm, this study investigated the association between emotion regulation flexibility and disordered eating. Women (N = 50) completed self-report questionnaires and a laboratory-based emotion regulation choice task to assess emotion regulation flexibility. Results indicated that lower emotion regulation flexibility was associated with more frequent purging and excessive exercise. Emotion regulation flexibility was not significantly associated with binge eating or overall eating disorder psychopathology. These findings suggest that individuals who engage in unhealthy compensatory behaviors exhibit reduced emotion regulation flexibility. If replicated in clinical samples, treatment for eating disorders characterized by compensatory behaviors may benefit from incorporating additional strategies to help people utilize emotion regulation strategies in a flexible, situationally appropriate manner.