Catheter renal denervation is one of the most dynamically emerging subspecialties in cardiology in the last five years. Initial indications for the treatment of resistant hypertension have been extended to other research areas - sleep apnea syndrome, heart failure, insulin resistance, atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachycardias and many others. Just as in other areas of cardiology, for example, the issue of stem cells, was unfortunately little space devoted to experimental studies and clinical studies phase II. Clinical application was ahead of a substantial part of the development of new technologies. Originally Symplicity HTN-1 and -2 showed promising results, now have been recently challenged by early termination of the Symplicity HTN-3 study, which had significantly harder endopoints than previous studies. What was the precise cause of the inefficiency of this treatment, it is currently impossible to say exactly. Interesting conclusions could bring original Czech study PRAGUE 15, designed by professor Petr Widimský, where control treatment in both arms is verified by gold standard - ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and as well emphasis the compliance of the pharmacology treatment.